{"id":56441,"date":"2023-01-12T11:07:28","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T10:07:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/?p=56441"},"modified":"2023-01-13T14:17:12","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T13:17:12","slug":"hamsa-edo-fatimaren-eskua-eta-irunea-pompaelo-eta-veleia-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/es\/hamsa-edo-fatimaren-eskua-eta-irunea-pompaelo-eta-veleia-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Hamsa edo Fatimaren eskua eta Iru\u00f1ea (Pompaelo eta Veleia). I"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Gure aiton-amonek ez zuten esaten \u201ceman eskua\u201d (deme la mano) tratu bat itxi edo ezagunen bat aurkezterakoan, ekarri bosteko, baizik. Irulegiko bostekoak zapuztu egin ditu euskarari buruzko bi ustekeri edo teoria xelebre: euskara euskaldunen herrian berantiarra dela eta euskaradunok hizkuntza gorde dugula Saltus Wasconumen isolatuak bizi izanari esker.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Bost; arabieraz\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"ar-SA\">\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u200e\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Jamsah<\/i><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> edo Jamsa; hebreeraz, <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u05d7\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05d4\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Hamsa; <\/i><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">bereber hizkuntzetan\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Ebrima, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d3c\u2d53\u2d59\u2d5c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Tafust.<\/i><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> Beste arlo batean Fatimaren ikurra bezala ere ezaguna dena, eskuaren forma duen sinbolo moduan erabiltzen da gaur egun Afrika iparraldean eta Ekialde Hurbilean. Behatzak gora dituenean babesa eta zoriona adierazten du. Behatzak behera daudenean aberastasunaren ikurra da. <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_56442\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-56442\" style=\"width: 371px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-56442\" src=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/01-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"371\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/01-3.jpg 371w, https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/01-3-231x300.jpg 231w, https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/01-3-323x420.jpg 323w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-56442\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Silver hamsa amulet of Berber tradition (khmissa)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Antzinatik dokumentatua dago eta uste izan da Afrika iparraldean, Egipton edo Kartagon (egungo Tunisian), duela bere jatorria. Tanit dibinitateari ere lotu izan zaio, ilargi, sexualitate eta gerraren dibinitate anitzen jainkosari hain zuzen ere. Iberiar penintsulako feniziar kolonietan ere ezagutzen zela esan ohi da. Oraingo Aroaren aurreko VIII. mendeko israeldar\u00a0hilobi bat aurkitu zuten hamsa itxurako esku bat, inskripzioa zuena, oraingo Jordaniaren Khirbet el-Qomen.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_56444\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-56444\" style=\"width: 312px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-56444\" src=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/02-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"312\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/02-1.jpg 312w, https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/02-1-173x300.jpg 173w, https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/02-1-242x420.jpg 242w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-56444\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arte\u00a0judua.\u00a0Sastraka\u00a0sutan,\u00a0Yahibilek\u00a0bedeinkatuta.\u00a0Eskua\u00a0zerutik\u00a0ateratzen\u00a0da.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_56446\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-56446\" style=\"width: 307px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-56446\" src=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/03-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"307\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/03-1.jpg 307w, https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/03-1-173x300.jpg 173w, https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/03-1-243x420.jpg 243w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-56446\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Siriako\u00a0Dura\u00a0Europoseko\u00a0sinagogatik\u00a0datorren\u00a0freskoa,\u00a0o.a.a.\u00a0244. Damaskoko\u00a0Museoan\u00a0jasota.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hauek horrela, Euskal Herrian aurkitu berri den eskuaren harira, ongi bereiziz bostekoaren sinboloa eta euskarrian bertan zizelkatutako esapidea, zilegi bekit galdera hau egitea: historiaren ikuspegitik ba al da halako ikur bat Euskal Herrira iritsi izana azaldu dezakeen loturarik? Eta erantzuna; bada, agian bai. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Erroma<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">eta<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Kartagoren<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">arteko<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">gerra<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00abpunikoetan\u00bb,<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">bigarrenean,<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">lurreko<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">bataila odoltsu etengabeak jokatu ziren.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> Lehenengoan ez bezala <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">infanteria,<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">zalditeria<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">eta<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">elefanteen<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">mugimendu<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">masibo<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">izugarriak izan ziren. Oro<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">har,<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">ikusi<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">da<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">gerraren<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">garapenak Anibalen<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">bideari<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">jarraitu<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">ziola,<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Iberiatik<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Italiaren<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">hegoalderaino: <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Iberia,<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Galia, Galia<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Zisalpinoa,<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Italia eta<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Afrikara berriro. Hispania (kontzeptu geografikoa) menderatu ondoren, Ebro ibaia <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">igaro eta bi hilabete inguruz bere armadak ibaiaren eta Pirinioen arteko jendearen aurka borrokatu zuen. 22.000 gerlari galdu zituen (heriotzaz edo desertzioz). Konkistatu berri zituen lurraldeen babeserako 10.000 oinezko gerlari eta 1.000 zaldizko kontingentea utzi zuen, Hannonen\u00a0agindupean. Iberia eta Galia\u00a0artean kokatutako mendilerro hau Rodano\u00a0aldera zeharkatu ondoren, oraindik 48.000 laguneko infanteria, 9.000 zaldizko eta 37 elefante jarraitzen zuten.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-56448\" src=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/04.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"164\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hortaz, bazeotarren lurraldea (Tierra de Campos) gainditu ondoren, bi mende geroago erromatarren berriemaileek Akitania hirugarrena (Novempopulania) deituko zuten lurraldean barrena sartu ziren; nondik? Seguruenik bi mende geroago erromatarrek galtzada bihurtu zuten Astorga-Burdigalaren Pirinioetako indigenek urratutako mendi-bideetatik: Iru\u00f1a-Veleia, Iru\u00f1ea-Pompaelo eta oraingo Erroibarren barrena Au\u00f1amendiren bi isurietan zehar. Hortaz, berriro ere, eta kopuruak puztuta baleude ere, 57.000 lagunek eta 37 elefantek zeharkatu eta milaka batzuk desertore mendi hegaletan barreiaturik ibili baldin baziren, guztiz sinesgarria da haiek zekartenaren zerbait bertan uztea eta gaur azaltzea. Brontzezko bostekoaren jatorria izan daiteke Egipto, baina zizelkatu zuenaren hizkuntza ez zen egiptoera, euskara zen; bai, aitzin-euskara nahi bada, baina Waskonia erromatarra existitu aurretik waskonikoa izatea, oso zaila.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Induskatzen jarraitu behar dugu. Jarraitu Iru\u00f1a-Veleian, Irulegin, Zalduan\u2026 Badaude arrazoi objektiboak, teknikoak, zientifikoak; baina badaude ere arrazoi sentimentalak, identitarioak, herri-oroimen eta kolektiboak. Euskaldunok zer garen, nondik gatozen, gure sorburuko hizkuntza zein den eta historian zehar zer gertatu zaigun arakatu behar dugu. Azalpenak behar ditugu eta segurtasun narratibo eta juridikoa behar dugu, ez ustekeriak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gure aiton-amonek ez zuten esaten \u201ceman eskua\u201d (deme la mano) tratu bat itxi edo ezagunen bat aurkezterakoan, ekarri bosteko, baizik. Irulegiko bostekoak zapuztu egin ditu euskarari buruzko bi ustekeri edo teoria xelebre: euskara euskaldunen herrian berantiarra dela eta euskaradunok hizkuntza gorde dugula Saltus Wasconumen isolatuak bizi izanari esker. Bost; arabieraz\u00a0\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629\u200e\u00a0Jamsah edo Jamsa; hebreeraz, \u05d7\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05d4\u00a0Hamsa; bereber [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":56442,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egunekoa"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hamsa edo Fatimaren eskua eta Iru\u00f1ea (Pompaelo eta Veleia). 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Bost; arabieraz\u00a0\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629\u200e\u00a0Jamsah edo Jamsa; hebreeraz, \u05d7\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05d4\u00a0Hamsa; bereber [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/hamsa-edo-fatimaren-eskua-eta-irunea-pompaelo-eta-veleia-i\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nabarralde\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nabarraldefundazioa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-01-12T10:07:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-13T13:17:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/nabarralde.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/01-3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"371\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"482\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Nabarralde\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Nabarralde\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Nabarralde\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Be\u00f1i Agirre\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nabarralde.eus\\\/hamsa-edo-fatimaren-eskua-eta-irunea-pompaelo-eta-veleia-i\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nabarralde.eus\\\/hamsa-edo-fatimaren-eskua-eta-irunea-pompaelo-eta-veleia-i\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Nabarralde\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nabarralde.eus\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a0f064c4a38aaef1b58b785c1d4579f0\"},\"headline\":\"Hamsa edo Fatimaren eskua eta Iru\u00f1ea (Pompaelo eta Veleia). 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